Golestan National Park (Persian: پارک ملی گلستان) is one of the oldest and most significant national parks in Iran, renowned for its rich biodiversity and stunning landscapes. Here’s an overview of the park:
Overview of Golestan National Park
- Location: Golestan National Park is situated in the northeastern part of Iran, specifically in the Golestan Province, near the city of Gorgan. The park is part of the Alborz Mountain range, which runs parallel to the Caspian Sea.
- Area: The park covers approximately 1,500 square kilometers (around 580 square miles), making it one of the largest protected areas in Iran.
Geography and Landscape
- Topography: Golestan National Park features a diverse range of landscapes, including mountainous terrain, dense forests, grasslands, and river valleys. The elevation ranges from about 600 meters (1,968 feet) to over 2,000 meters (6,561 feet).
- Climate: The climate in the park varies significantly due to its elevation. The lower areas are typically humid and mild, while the higher altitudes can be colder and receive snowfall in winter.
Flora and Fauna
- Biodiversity: Golestan National Park is known for its rich biodiversity, which includes over 1,200 species of plants, 58 species of mammals, 190 species of birds, and various reptiles and amphibians.
- Flora: The vegetation ranges from deciduous forests at lower elevations to alpine meadows at higher altitudes. Notable tree species include beech, oak, elm, and maple.
- Fauna: The park is home to several endangered species, including the Persian leopard, wild goat, and various species of deer. Birdwatchers can spot many migratory and resident birds, including the Eurasian eagle-owl and golden eagle.
